MEDIA TO THE YOUTH TODAY

CONTRIBUTION OF ICT IN INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA

Information Communication Technology

uInformation and communications technology or (ICT) is extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.

uThe term ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to elimination of the telephone network) to merge the telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management.

SUMMARY

uICT has had a great impact on education

uBoth the library and the internet can be used to find information

uStudents of foreign languages can use email and video conferencing to practice their language skills.

uInteractive whiteboards and digital projectors allow students and teachers to interact with resources.

uE-learning or distance learning allows student to study using their computer, send assignment to the teacher by email, discuss things online, and even take computer based exam.

uTouch screen and voice recognition software can help students with special needs.

WHY DO WE NEED ICT?

uThe face of classroom is changing. The teachers should prepare to keep up with technology utility in the classroom. ICT is not only an essential tool for teachers in their day to day work, but also offers them opportunities for their own professional development. Teaching with ICT the input and output time is reduced and process time is increased. When the process time is increased, time of students’ activities, discussion, correlation with other subjects, brainstorming and learning etc. will increase.

uICT will have activities that will equip the student to use computers, camera, and video camera. Audio recording, computer software, research and data analysis software, digital publication activities, web related activities and any other advances that are useful and related with empowering teachers and teacher educators.

INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA

uEncompasses all the materials and physical means an instructor might use to implement instruction and facilitate students' achievement of instructional objectives. This may include traditional materials such as chalkboards, handouts, charts, slides, overheads, real objects, and videotape or film, as well newer materials and methods such as computers, DVDs, CD-ROMs, the Internet, and interactive video conferencing.

Instructional media have important advantages because they:

u allow easy and repeated reproduction of an event or procedure;

u provide visual access to a process or technique;

u provide a common framework of experience to a large number of learners;

u promote an Illusion of reality;

u gain and hold the attention of the learner;

u focus attention or highlight key points;

u save time by avoiding wordy explanations;

u create impact;

u facilitate the understanding of abstract concepts.

Reasons for media use	General examples
To form a clear idea of something	Real object, model
To stress the essential and leave the non-essential in the background	Model, scheme
To give visual access to something which may be inaccessible	Model, picture, photo, poster, film
To clarify abstract information which may be difficult to communicate verbally	Diagrams, columns of figures
To condense large quantities of information	Diagrams, handouts
To promote mental activities of students	Handouts, textbooks, films, pictures
To give feedback to the teacher about student progress/achievement	Tests, study guides with assignments, handouts with questions
To encourage emotional response	Films, photos, poems
To support the work of the teacher	Sound recordings, any medium
To give tests	Any medium     EXAMPLES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA Type Examples Print Pamphlets, handouts, study guides, manuals Visual Charts, real objects, photographs, transparencies Audiovisual Slides, tapes, films, filmstrips, television, video, multimedia Static/display Chalkboard, feltboard, display easels, flip charts, cloth board, magnetic board Electronic Radio computers, electronic mail, CD-ROM, multimedia uWhy Use Instructional Media? uWe know from educational psychologists that every person learns by receiving information through the sense organs such as the ears, eyes, nose, mouth and tongue, hands and skin. From your own experience, you will realize that there is a relationship between the quantity of information we remember and the sense organs being used. You also know that students learn skills, concepts and ideas better when they try them out in practice. The old adage that 'practice makes perfect' has a sound scientific basis. uWhenever we talk, the words we use are arbitrary symbols that represent whatever we are saying. With visual aids, words acquire a more concrete meaning. Study Figure 6.2 which graphically represents this point. What are your views? Visual aids give concrete meaning to words The Seven Learning Styles uVisual (spatial):You prefer using pictures, images, and spatial understanding. uAural (auditory-musical): You prefer using sound and music. uVerbal (linguistic): You prefer using words, both in speech and writing. uPhysical (kinesthetic): You prefer using your body, hands and sense of touch. uLogical (mathematical): You prefer using logic, reasoning and systems. uSocial (interpersonal): You prefer to learn in groups or with other people. uSolitary (intrapersonal): You prefer to work alone and use self-study. The Nine Categories of Instructional Strategies Category McREL Definition Setting Objectives and Providing Feedback Provide students with a direction for learning and information about how well they are performing relative to a particular learning goal so they can improve their performance Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition · Enhance students’ understanding of the relationship between effort and achievement by addressing students’ attitudes and beliefs about learning. · Provide students with rewards or praise for their accomplishments related to the attainment of a goal. Cooperative Learning · Provide students with opportunities to interact with each other in groups in ways that enhance their learning. Cues, Questions, and Advance Organizers Enhance students’ ability to retrieve, use and organize what they already know about a topic. Nonlinguistic Representation Enhance students’ ability to represent and elaborate on knowledge using mental images Summarizing and Note Taking Enhance students’ ability to synthesize information and organize it in a way that captures the main ideas and supporting details Assigning Homework and Practice Extend the learning opportunities for students to practice, review, and apply knowledge. · Enhance students’ ability to reach the expected level of proficiency for a skill or process. Identifying Similarities and Differences Enhance student’s understanding of and ability to use knowledge by engaging them in mental processes that involve identifying ways items are alike and different Generating and Testing Hypotheses Enhance students’ understanding of and ability to use knowledge by engaging them in mental processes that involve making and testing hypotheses Category Definition Examples Word Processing Applications Applications that create documents in which the text can be displayed in linear or visual modes. Google Docs, Microsoft Word, Wordle Organizing and Brainstorming Software Software that helps users to organize thinking, connect and categorize ideas, and show processes. Webspiration, Inspiration, SmartTools Data Collection and Analysis Tools Tools that allow users to gather and analyze data SurveyMonkey, Microsoft Excel, eClicker, Poll Everywhere Communication and Collaboration Software Software that replaces or enhances traditional forms of communication with video, audio, text, or any combination of the three; allows users to share and discuss ideas, pictures, web links, etc.; and enables parties to work together even when geographically separated Skype, FaceTime, TypeWith.me, Diigo, Facebook, Twitter Instructional Media (learner as consumer) Technologies that provide or facilitate the creation of videos or recordings that are intended for use in learning BrainPOP, Discovery Education Streaming, and Khan Academy Multimedia Creation (learner as producer) Technologies that allow users to combine audio, video, music, pictures, drawings, or any combination into the final product. PowerPoint, Keynote, Photoshop, iPhoto, Glogster, VoiceThread, iMovie Instructional Interactives Technologies that are manipulated by the learner to enhance understanding of a skill or concept, including games, manipulatives, and software that assesses the learner and differentiates the activity or curriculum based on the learner’s needs. MathBoard, Intro to Math, Star Chart WHAT WILL ICT CONTIBUTES IN INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA? uICT helps in education Information and communication technologies are currently being used in education to assist students to learn more effectively by providing teachers with access to a wide range of new pedagogy. These technologies are also being used to enable teachers to do administrative tasks more efficiently.     INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY: -is the art and study of building a learning system and also building a feedback mechanism into the learning system in such a way that the system is sensitive to the dynamics of each individuals learning experience -a method or style of delivering information to a student or audience is devised and then put into action. Top 6 benefits of using technology in the classroom uImproves engagement: When technology is integrated into lessons, students are expected to be more interested in the subjects they are studying. Technology provides different opportunities to make learning more fun and enjoyable in terms of teaching same things in new ways. For instance, delivering teaching through gamification, taking students on virtual field trips and using other online learning resources. What is more, technology can encourage a more active participation in the learning process which can be hard to achieve through a traditional lecture environment. uImproves knowledge retention: Students who are engaged and interested in things they are studying, are expected to have a better knowledge retention. As mentioned before, technology can help to encourage active participation in the classroom which also is a very important factor for increased knowledge retention. Different forms of technology can be used to experiment with and decide what works best for students in terms of retaining their knowledge. uEncourages individual learning: No one learns in the same way because of different learning styles and different abilities. Technology provides great opportunities for making learning more effective for everyone with different needs. For example, students can learn at their own speed, review difficult concepts or skip ahead if they need to. What is more, technology can provide more opportunities for struggling or disabled students. Access to the Internet gives students access to a broad range of resources to conduct research in different ways, which in turn can increase the engagement. uEncourages collaboration: Students can practice collaboration skills by getting involved in different online activities. For instance, working on different projects by collaborating with others on forums or by sharing documents on their virtual learning environments. Technology can encourage collaboration with students in the same classroom, same school and even with other classrooms around the world. uStudents can learn useful life skills through technology: By using technology in the classroom, both teachers and students can develop skills essential for the 21st century. Students can gain the skills they will need to be successful in the future. Modern learning is about collaborating with others, solving complex problems, critical thinking, developing different forms of communication and leadership skills, and improving motivation and productivity. What is more, technology can help develop many practical skills, including creating presentations, learning to differentiate reliable from unreliable sources on the Internet, maintaining proper online etiquette, and writing emails. These are very important skills that can be developed in the classroom. uBenefits for teachers: With countless online resources, technology can help improve teaching. Teachers can use different apps or trusted online resources to enhance the traditional ways of teaching and to keep students more engaged. Virtual lesson plans, grading software and online assessments can help teachers save a lot time. This valuable time can be used for working with students who are struggling. What is more, having virtual learning environments in schools enhances collaboration and knowledge sharing between teachers.   THANK YOU!!!!!